What is Urea & Why Is it Important for Athletes?

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Published on

May 22, 2025

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EDGE

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What Is Urea?

Urea is a waste product formed from the breakdown of protein. It’s filtered by the kidneys and is a useful indicator of hydration, training load, and protein metabolism in athletes.

High levels can signal dehydration or muscle breakdown. Low levels may suggest under-fuelling or poor protein intake.

"Urea is a byproduct of protein metabolism and a helpful marker of training stress and hydration. Elevated levels may indicate muscle breakdown or dehydration, particularly in endurance athletes. I recommend testing urea monthly during high-volume phases and pairing it with creatinine and creatine kinase to monitor overall metabolic strain and recovery status"

What are normal urea levels for athletes?

We looked at blood test data from EDGE customers and found the median urea levels for women are 5.6 mmol/L and 6.6 mmol/L for men.

Here is a breakdown of urea levels by age:

Table 1: Urea Levels in Men and Women by Age Group (mmol/L)
Age Group Female Male
18-29 5.6 6.4
30-39 5.6 6.3
40-49 5.4 6.6
50-59 6 6.7
60+ 6.2 6.8

Source: EDGE customer blood test results Apr 2023 – March 2025.

The labs we used to analyse blood samples state a healthy range for urea is generally between 2.5-7.8 mmol/L.

Median Urea levels for male and female athletes in the UK, 2025.

Why Urea is Important for Athletes

  1. Recovery Monitoring

    Elevated urea can suggest incomplete recovery, especially when combined with high creatinine or CK.

  2. Hydration Status

    Urea levels rise with dehydration, valuable for athletes training in heat or for long durations.

  3. Protein Utilisation

    Helps assess whether protein intake matches training demands.

Why Test Urea?

Urea is an indicator of protein metabolism and training stress, offering valuable insight into how well your body is coping with physical load. It’s especially useful to test:

  • During intense training or competition blocks

  • If signs of dehydration, fatigue, or muscle soreness persist

  • To monitor recovery in conjunction with creatinine and CK

In Summary

  • Urea tracks recovery, hydration, and protein metabolism

  • High = dehydration or overtraining; low = under-fuelling

  • Best interpreted alongside creatinine, eGFR, and CK

Check Your Urea Levels

Check and monitor your urea levels from home with our sports blood tests.

Check Your Urea